Quaternised biomass as anion exchanger for the removal of fluoride from water

  • chair:

    Namasivayam, C. / Höll, W. H. (2005)
  • place:

    Int. J. Environment and Pollution (2005)
  • Date: 2005

  • Namasivayam, C. / Höll, W. H. (2005): „Quaternised biomass as anion exchanger for the removal of fluoride from water“. In:  Int. J. Environment and Pollution (2005)

Abstract

Dried Chinese Reed, a fast growing plant, was used as a model biomass for the development of anion exchangers using a quaternisation agent, N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CHMAC), for the removal of fluoride from water. Parameters investigated in the adsorption studies include F- concentration, agitation time, adsorbent dose and pH. Equilibrium adsorption data followed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Presence of chloride, nitrate and sulfate decreased the adsorption significantly. Quaternised Hanf sativa and coconut coir pith (solid waste from coconut coir fibre industry) were also tested for the removal of fluoride with and without cross linking.